INFILTRATION WELL CONSTRUCTION
Types of Infiltration Well Construction
There are several types of infiltration well construction which are made with a rectangular or tube model with the depth of the well above the ground water level. Here are some types of infiltration wells including:
- Infiltration wells without laying bricks or buis on the walls of the well with an empty well bottom.
- Infiltration wells without the installation of bricks or concrete on the walls of the well and the bottom of the well are given split stones or fibers.
- Infiltration wells use bricks or concrete on the walls of the well and the bottom of the well that can be filled or emptied.
- Infiltration wells using concrete buis on the walls of the well and at the bottom of the well can be filled with rock or emptied.
The following is an example of a picture of the types of infiltration well construction:
Empty Infiltration Well
(Source : Sharoel 2010)
Split Stone and Fiber Infiltration Well
(Source : Sharoel 2010)
Infiltration Well with Bricks
(Source : Sharoel 2010)
The types of infiltration well construction above each have their advantages and disadvantages, so for pemilihan jenis sumur resapan yang dapat digunakan dapat dikondisikan dengan kondisi tanah dan batuan pada lokasi pembuatan sumur resapan, berikut beberapa contoh kondisi lokasi.
- For stable soil and rock, the first and second types of infiltration wells can be used because relatively stable soil and rock do not require retaining walls to prevent damage to the well walls.
- For unstable soil or rock, it is better to use a third type of infiltration well to keep the well wall in the infiltration well from being damaged.
- For soils or rocks that are very unstable, it is highly recommended to use the fourth type of infiltration well because the buis concrete layer can keep the walls of the infiltration well from being damaged even though this can result in a lack of infiltration that occurs because infiltration occurs only at the bottom of the infiltration well. itself.
In addition to the infiltration well building, there are also several complementary buildings needed, namely:
- Control basin used to filter water before entering the infiltration well.
- Close the control tub.
- Close the infiltration well.
- Inlet and exhaust lines, and
- Gutters (for houses with gutters)
General Requirements for Infiltration Well Construction
In making infiltration wells there are certain criteria that must be followed which have been set by the Directorate General of Human Settlements and Public Works. The requirements in question are technical requirements which can be seen below:
- The maximum width of the infiltration well diameter is 1.4 meters.
- The inlet pipe used is a pipe with a diameter of 110 mm.
- The overflow or discharge pipe uses the same pipe as the inlet pipe, which is 110 mm in diameter.
- The depth of the infiltration well is at least 1.5 meters and the deepest is 3 meters.
- The infiltration well wall reinforced by masonry is made using a mixture with a ratio of 1:4 without the use of brick plaster for the infiltration well wall.
- The bottom of the infiltration well (which is filled with rock) uses rocks measuring 20/20 and stacked with a thickness of 40 cm
- The cover of the infiltration well used is made of concrete with a thickness of 10 cm and is made of a mixture with a ratio of 1 (cement): 2 (sand): 3 (gravel)
The standard for the infiltration well itself has been set at Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No: 03/2453/2002 which contains the procedures for the construction of Rainwater Infiltration Wells. This standard itself is used as a reference material for the planning of rainwater infiltration wells in the yard, where this regulation contains requirements both in general and technically which include:
- Ground water level.
- Soil permeability value
- Calculation of infiltration well construction
- Distance to other buildings.
Rainwater referred to here is rainwater that is accommodated and absorbed in infiltration wells. Under construction Infiltration wells have several requirements that must be met including General Requirements and Technical Requirements. As for General Requirements include:
- The placement of infiltration wells is attempted to be located in an area with a fairly flat surface.
- Rainwater stored in infiltration wells is uncontaminated or polluted rainwater.
- The construction of infiltration wells is designed so as not to disturb or damage the buildings that are nearby.
- Pay attention to local regulations, both customary and others.
- The things that do not meet the requirements that have been said above must be approved by the competent party or agency. (Source: "Technical Guidelines for Infiltration Wells. Pdf," n.d.)
While the technical requirements in the Construction of Absorption Wells include:
- The minimum groundwater depth is 1.50 meters from the ground surface during the rainy season.
- The value of soil permeability where the infiltration well is constructed has a value below 2.0 cm/hour.
- The distance from the infiltration well to the clean water well is at least 3 meters, the septic tank is at least 5 meters and the building foundation is at least 1 meter. (Source: "Technical Guidelines for Infiltration Wells. Pdf," n.d.)
Construction of Infiltration Wells
According to (“Technical Guidelines for Infiltration Wells. Pdf,” n.d.) As for the construction of the infiltration well itself, it is divided into several stages, including:
Preparation phase
- Institutional preparation
a. Conducting meetings with local communities to socialize and discuss development.
b. Creation of working groups (Organizations) and work programs - Provision of facilities and infrastructure, where in this case the type of equipment and materials that are used up are prioritized
- Work area arrangement
a. Determination of the place or location of infiltration wells
b. Cleaning of locations used for infiltration wells
c. Installation of boundaries (pegs) on locations - Calculation of infiltration well construction
Making Infiltration Wells
- Excavation of soil at the site of infiltration wells
- Installation of the well wall (if using a model that uses brick or concrete buis)
- Construction of water channels for water in and out (for wells with concrete walls)
- Control body manufacture
- Gutter installation
Infiltration Well Maintenance
- Cleaning of dirt in the control tub, water pipes and water drains.
- Cleaning mud by dredging which if not cleaned it will cause the infiltration well to become smaller (Source: "Technical Guidelines for Infiltration Wells. Pdf," n.d.)
