TYPES OF ASPHALT
Asphalt Emulsion
Emulsified asphalt is a mixture of asphalt with water (60-70%) in the form of an emulsion, so that the asphalt molecules float in the water. This is possible due to the presence of catalytic additives. Mixing asphalt with water and catalyst was passed through a colloid mill machine. When emulsified asphalt is stored for a long time (about 3 months), the emulsion can break and the asphalt settles to the bottom of the container/drum. In order for the emulsion bond to form again, simply shake it, shake it or roll it around. The best use of emulsified asphalt is that it has been used before the emulsion bond is released.
The use of emulsified asphalt is usually in the following matters:
- For cold mix asphalt concrete layers, for example in areas that do not have AMP but want the quality of the road to be equivalent to asphalt concrete asphalt), in locations where there are no open fires, such as oil drilling areas, fuel storage complexes.
- For Tack coat, Prime coat or mixture for “ready-to-use” materials. As an illustration, attached below is the table for the use of liquid asphalt and emulsified asphalt as an adhesive layer (General Specifications of the Directorate General of Highways 2006) :
| Asphalt Type | New Surface or Old Slick Asphalt | Porous and Weather Exposed Surface |
|---|---|---|
| Liquid Asphalt | 0,15 | 0,15 - 0,35 |
| Asphalt Emulsion | 0,20 | 0,20 - 0,50 |
| Diluted Asphalt Emulsion (1:1) | 0,40 | 0,40 - 1,00 |
| Asphalt Type | Spraying Temperature Range |
|---|---|
| Liquid asphalt, 25 pph kerosene | 110 ± 10 ºC |
| Liquid asphalt, 50 pph kerosene (MC-70) | 70 ± 10 ºC |
| Liquid asphalt, 75 pph kerosene (MC-30) | 45 ± 10 ºC |
| Liquid asphalt, 100 pph kerosene | 30 ± 10 ºC |
| Liquid asphalt, more than 100 pph kerosene | Not heated |
| Emulsified asphalt or diluted emulsified asphalt | Not heated |
In 1993, it was tried to use emulsified asphalt for cold mix asphalt concrete with a thickness of 0.8 cm using a special vibrating machine (technology from Spain), called thin layer technology. Macroseal (geneically known as technology slurry seal). This thin layer is intended as a protective layer to retain water and increase the surface roughness of the road (for example on rigid pavement surfaces that are already slippery, rather than doing re-grooving which is considered too slow and expensive).
